DNA microarrays manufactured by YiPeng Wang and Michael McClelland
Human Promoter Array (PCR products)
Human promoter sequences (1000bp upstream and 500bp
downstream from transcription initiation site) were retrieved batch-wise from GoldenPath. Promoter fragments with an average length of
900 base pairs were amplified, purified and spotted onto UltraGAPS coated
slides (Corning Incorporated,
Details about the oligonucleotide probes can be downloaded here.
Human Promoter Oligo
Array (NimbleGen Platform) in collaboration with Fred Long.
NimbleGen oligonucleotide arrays were custom designed for whole genome methylation analysis in a high-resolution manner. 1) Human genome sequences were downloaded from UCSC Golden Path Database based on NCBI Build 35. HpaII fragments (sequences between two CCGG sites) shorter than 500bp and longer than 50bp were extracted. Fragments overlapping with the putative promoter region (between transcription start site and its upstream 5000bp sequences) were kept for oligonucleotide probe design; 2) Sequences were repeat-masked; 3) Probes were designed from the sense strand of the non-repeat-masked portions of the promoter regions, with these probe restrictions: a) Length: 46 - 50 bases; b) Tm: 69 - 79oC; c) Manufacture by NimbleGen within 148-rounds of A, C, G, T; d) Probe must not contain simple repeats (AAAAAAA, TTTTTTTT, CCCCCCCC, GGGGGGGG, GTGTGTGT, or CACACACA); e) Probe must not have tendency to form strong structures; 4) Probe specificity was screened by aligning them to the human genome using Blat. Probes that had imperfect matches in the genome of 30 bases or more were thrown out, as were probes that had more than 2 exact matches; 5) Oligonucleotides in promoters of genes with known functions were given priority; 6) probe spacing of 23 bases were used to filter probes and in the cases of less than 3 probed within two CCGG site, probe spacing of 10 bases were used. The final 355,264 selected oligonucleotide probes represent 18212 HpaII fragments (corresponding to 12,617 refSeq genes, average 28 probes per promoter). 57.34% (10,443/18,212) sequences overlap with CpG islands, 42.66% (7,769/18,212) do not.
Details about the oligonucleotide probes can be downloaded here.